seismic refraction
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A seismic reflection survey was made to the south-west, south and east of the Poole Range Structure, Kimberley Division, W.A. as an extension of a previous seismic survey. The results obtained confirm the surface information and show the existence of an anticlinal structure l the axis of which plunges to the east and whose axial plane probably dips to the south. A total thickness of sediments of the order of 20,000 feet is shown. Some slight evidence of deep faulting down to 10,000 feet was recorded, but is not conclusive. Insufficient evidence was obtained to select a site for a test bore, but further seismic work is not recommended at present.
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A seismic survey was made in the.Ooraminna area of the Amadus Basin 9 Northern Territory 9 by a seismic party of the Bureau of Mineral Resources 9 Geology and Geophysics 9 between 6th July and ,29th August 1962. Reflection traverses were recorded between Deep Well and Alice Springs and across the culmination of the Ooraminna Anticline l and a refraction depth probe was recorded on the crest of the Ooraminna Anticline. The purpose of the survey was to obtain information on the structure of the Basin in the eastern part of the Missionary Plain, and on the structure of the Ooraminna. The Basin was shown to be generally synclinal between Deep Well and Alice Springs with a maximum sediment thickness Of 20,000 feet north of the Ooraminna Anticline. Seismic evidence suggested that the uplift at Deep Well and the Ooraminna Anticline have resulted from thickening in a deep formation, which has been tentatively identified as the Bitter Springs Formation. The survey was unsuccessful in relating reflectors in the crosssections with outcropping formations in the MacDonnell Ranges and on the Ooraminna Anticline.
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In October and November 1959 a seismic party from the Bureau of Mineral Resources carried out a seismic survey in the Surat Basin, Queensland at the request of Australian Oil and Gas Corporation Ltd. A traverse extending from Surat eastward to within 10 miles of Tara was shot in five-mile sections of continuous reflection profiling with approximately five-mile intervals between the sections.^In addition two refraction traverses were shot near Surat to record velocities and depths of as many horizons as possible. Reflections were of fair to good quality throughout the survey and it was possible to correlate bands of reflections from one five-mile section to the next with considerable certainty. Over most of the traverses four reflecting horizons were followed, and in a few places reflections were obtained from a still deeper fifth horizon. The reflection survey revealed a wide basin between Surat and Cabawin (about 70 miles east of Surat), with its maximum thickness of sediments under Meandarra. The sediments there appear to be at least 19,000 ft thick. A marked anticline was discovered near Cabawtin. The refraction survey, using the "Depth Probing" method, revealed a refractor with a calculated velocity of 20,180 ft/sec situated about 1000 ft below the fourth reflecting horizon.
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Between August and December 1960 a seismic party from the Bureau of Mineral Resources carried out a reconnaissance seismic survey, using reflection and refraction techniques, across the Murray Basin. Traverses were placed at selected localities at Carrathool, Hay, Maude, Balranald, Wentworth, Merbein, Lake Victoria, and Loxton. In general, the results show that the Basin, at least along the line of traverse, consists of essentially undisturbed sediments above a high-velocity basement. The thickness of Basin sediments ranges from about 900 ft at Carrathool to 2200 ft at Lake Victoria and Merbein. Most of the sediments are of Tertiary age, with Mesozoic at Loxton and Wentworth and perhaps at other traverses in the western part of the Basin. The seismic velocity in the sediments has a typical value of about 6000 to 7000 ft/sec, while the velocity in the basement ranges from 15,750 ft/sec (at Hay) up to 20,000 ft/sec (at Lake Victoria). The geological nature of basement is not known, but it is considered that it definitely marks the floor of the Tertiary (or Tertiary - Mesozoic) basin. Refraction velocities alone are of doubtful value in identifying the floor, as it is known that crystalline basement, metamorphosed sediments, or unmetamorphosed sediments such as limestone, may have velocities within this range.
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A multicomponent seismic survey using an IVI MiniVib as a source was carried out to assist in mapping of fracture porosity in shear zones in areas of dryland salinity for the School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences (UNSW). The survey obtained a set of three dimensional, three component data at two sites near Spicers Creek, some 45km east of Dubbo. The acquisition was undertaken by Australian National Seismic Imaging Resource (ANSIR) from the 5th to the 12th April 2003 with the assistance of staff from UNSW. The objectives of this seismic survey are: 1. Develop quantitative measure of azimuthal anisotropy of P- and S-waves using refracted head wave amplitudes. 2. Determine the relative effects of lithological fabric and fracture porosity on P- and S-wave anisotropy factors. 3. Determine quantitative relationships between azimuthal anisotropy and fracture porosity. 4. Measure the horizontal and vertical variability of the fracture porosity in the fracture zones which control the discharge of saline groundwater and the occurrence of dryland salinity at the three experimental sites in the Spicers Creek Catchment. 5. Develop cost-effect field techniques for 3D - 3C (three dimensional - three component) shallow seismic refraction surveys for geotechnical, environmental and groundwater applications.
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The Bureau of Mineral Resources made three seismic surveys in the Ngalia Basin, Northern Territory, during 1967 to 1969 as part of a comprehensive geological and geophysical investigation of the structure and stratigraphy of the basin. L097 is the third survey done in 1969. The project was aimed at delineating the configuration of the basin, within which outcrops are sparse, and providing information pertaining to its depositional and tectonic history. Investigation of the extent of Lower Palaeozoic sedimentation was considered to be important in assessment of the petroleum prospects of the basin. Raw data for this survey are available on request from clientservices@ga.gov.au - Quote eCat# 75660
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At the request of the State Rivers and Water Supply Commission of Victoria, seismic tests using the refraction method were conducted over six well locations near Cobram in the Murray Valley Irrigation District of Central Northern Victoria. The purpose of the tests was to determine whether the depth of the water table in that area could be measured by seismic refraction methods. The problem of rising water tables is one which occurs commonly in irrigation districts. In some areas the problem is purely a local one in which only perched water tables, any within ten feet of the surface, are involved, but it is also possible that the level of the general water table over a large are may be raised by deep percolation. The State Rivers are Water Supply Commission have maintained a check on the water table depth in the Murray River Valley Irrigation District for some time by measurement in existing wells. These wells are not necessarily in the best positions, and some are falling in. The seismic method was considered as an alternative to expensive test boring for ground water measurement.
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The Oaklands-Coorabin Coalfield in the Riverina Division of New South Wales has been known for many years. Seismic refraction tests were carried out on a number of sections to assist in the interpretation of the gravity results during July and Sepetember, 1949.
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Seismic refraction investigations were made at five sites in the vicinity of Alice Springs, Northern Territory, by the Bureau of Mineral Resources in August 1962. This work was done, at the request of the Bureau of Mineral Resources Observatory Group, to select the most suitable site for a seismological observatory. In view of the desirable features for such a site - a bedrock having a high seismic velocity and a bedrock at shallow depth - a site about three miles west of Alice Springs is recommended as the most suitable; the bedrock material has a velocity of 17,800 ft/s and the thickness of overburden is less than 20 ft.
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Between April and July 1962, a seismic party from the Bureau of Mineral Resources, Geology and Geophysics made a seismic reflection and refraction survey in the Moree area of New South Wales. The main purpose of the survey was to investigate whether the southern extension of the Bowen Basin beneath the Great Artesian Basin from Meandarra to Toobeah continued as far south as Moree and joined the Sydney Basin. Three east-west traverses were shot using a method of reconnaissance reflection shooting, the first near Dolgelly Bore, the second through Moree, and the third through Bellata. The third traverse was extended eastward as far as the Horton River to investigate the Hunter-Bowen Thrust zone. In addition, three north-south refraction traverses were shot in the middle, and on both ends, of the east-west traverse through Moree. A north-south reflection traverse was shot north of Dolgelly Bore.Results in the Moree and Bellata areas were of poor quality and in the Bellata area in particular, owing to surface basalt flows, little information was obtained. The Hunter-Bowen Thrust area was not distinguished by the seismic work. The seismic results indicated that the trough of sediments extending southwards through Dolgelly Bore was at least 7500 ft deep south of Dolgelly Bore. The eastern margin of the trough is probably an overthrust fault. In the Moree area, two troughs were indicated, viz. the Biniguy Trough in the east where about 7000 ft of sediments was estimated separated by the Pallamallawa Ridge from the Moree Trough in the west where about 11,000 ft of sediments was estimated. Poor results in the Bellata area failed to indicate whether the Moree Trough joined the Sydney Basin.