This collaborative project between Geoscience Australia (GA) and CSIRO aims to use physicochemical measurements, collected from surface overbank sediments as part of the National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) project, to help validate the ASTER multispectral geoscience maps of Australia. Both data sets have common information including that related to the surface abundance of silica, aluminium, iron, clay, sand and volatiles (including carbonate). The ASTER geoscience maps also provide spatial information about trends of mineral composition, which are potentially related to pH and oxidation state.

2014 Open Day Promotional Material

This report provides background information about the Ginninderra controlled release Experiment 1 including a description of the environment and weather during the experiment, the groundwater conditions and a brief description of all the monitoring techniques that were trialled during the experiment. Release of CO2 began 28 March 2012 at 10:30 AM and stopped 30 May 2012 4:15 PM. The total CO2 release rate during Experiment 1 was 144 kg/d CO2. Krypton gas was also released as a tracer gas at a rate of 10 mL/min Kr in one section of the release well only. The aim of the Ginninderra Experiment 1 controlled release was to artificially simulate the leakage of CO2 along a line source, to represent leakage along a fault. Multiple methods and techniques were then trialled in order to assess their abilities to: - detect that a leak was present - pinpoint the location of the leak - identify the strength of the leak - monitor how the CO2 behaves in the sub-surface - assess the effects it may have on soil ecology Several monitoring and assessment techniques were trialled for their effectiveness to quantify and qualify the CO2 that was release. The methods are described in this report and include: - soil gas - CO2 carbo-cap (GMP343) - eddy covariance - groundwater levels and chemistry - soil microbial samples - soil flux - krypton in air - electromagnetic (EM-31) - meteorology - CO2 isotopes in tank This report is a reference guide to describe the Ginninderra Experiment 1 details. Only methods are described in this report with the results of the study published in conference papers and future journal articles.

1 map showing the Acreage Release Title AC15-3 in the area of Overlapping Jurisdiction in the Perth Treaty. Requested by RET August 2014. LOSAMBA register 707

Series of information sheets designed to provide landholders and local community with information regarding the activities being underatken as part of the Southern Thomson pre-competitive geoscience project, run in collaboration with the Queensland and New South Wales State Geological Surveys.

Australia is bounded on three sides by passive continental margins, a legacy of Gondwana breakup as first India and then Zealandia, followed by Antarctica, separated from Australia during the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous through to earliest Oligocene. As with most other rifted continental margins, breakup along each of these three margins occurred episodically, controlled by a number of factors including mantle rheology, pre-existing lithospheric and basement structure, and the direction of crustal extension prevailing at any one time during successive stages of continental rifting. Resulting post-rift passive margin geometries are consequently highly segmented and characterised by abrupt changes in orientation along strike that commonly coincide with pre-existing basement structures or crustal-scale heterogeneities across which there is a commensurate change in offshore basin architecture and normal fault patterns. Mapping of these heterogeneities in geological and geophysical datasets combined with a growing realisation that many of these basement features extend all the way to the ocean-continent boundary has focussed attention on the extent to which these same crustal structures may also have influenced the distribution and pattern of ocean floor fracture zone development. A prominent re-entrant along Australia's 4000-km long southern rifted margin marks the site of an early Paleozoic crustal-scale basement structure whose N-S orientation was optimal for reactivation during a switch in the direction of extension from NW-SE to N-S during the closing stages of continental rifting from about 55-47 Ma onward. This structure evolved from a continental transform boundary into the Tasman Fracture Zone with consequent development of a sheared continental margin along the western margin of the South Tasman Rise analogous to that formed off the Ghanaian coast during the separation of Africa from South America. As with its West African counterpart, seismic reflection profiles point to a strong strike-slip influence on basin geometry with en echelon development of elongate, narrow depocentres bounded by discontinuous steep to subvertical faults. Equally spectacular pull-apart basins associated with the 1500km-long Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone off Western Australia are similarly developed in thinned continental crust but, unlike the basins associated with the South Tasman Rise, they have been better seismically imaged and contain a substantially greater thickness of sediment (up to 5 seconds TWT). Interpreted seismic sections across the Zeewyck Sub-basin beneath the Valanginian breakup unconformity show a complex network of deep sedimentary basins bounded by steep faults and blocks of elevated older basement (positive flower structures) across which there is only limited lateral continuity in stratigraphy. Sedimentary sequences immediately above the breakup unconformity thicken into the basin axis and exhibit wedge-like geometries consistent with detritus shed from the adjacent basement highs as the sheared continental margin evolved and the associated spreading axis migrated oceanward. A period of basin-wide folding and faulting accompanied by uplift and erosion brought this phase of basin formation to a close and possibly occurred in response to transpression immediately prior to the onset of full drift. Fabrics in the adjacent N-S striking Pinjarra Orogen and related Darling Fault played an important role in localising extensional strain during formation of the Zeewyck Sub-basin and greater Perth Basin.

A general lack of exploration success in the offshore northern Perth Basin sheared margin has lead to a perception that the primary source rock onshore (Triassic Kockatea Shale Hovea Member) is absent or has limited generative potential. However, recent offshore well studies show the unit is present and oil prone. Multiple palaeo-oil columns were identified within Permian reservoirs below the Kockatea Shale seal. This prompted a trap integrity study into fault reactivation as a critical risk for hydrocarbon preservation. Breach of accumulations could be attributed to JurassicEarly Cretaceous extension, Valanginian breakup, margin tilt or localised Miocene inversion. This study focused on four prospects, covered by 3D seismic data, containing breached and preserved oil columns. 3D geomechanical modelling simulated the response of trap-bounding faults and fluid flow to Jurassic-Early Cretaceous NW-SE extension. Calibration of modelling results against fluid inclusion data, as well as current and palaeo-oil columns, demonstrates that along-fault fluid flow correlates with areas of high shear and volumetric strains. Localisation of deformation leads to both an increase in structural permeability promoting fluid flow, and the development of hard-linkages between reactivated Permian reservoir faults and Jurassic faults producing top seal bypass. The main structural factors controlling the distribution of permeable fault segments are: (i) failure of faults striking 350??110?N; (ii) fault plane intersections generating high shear deformation and dilation; and (iii) preferential reactivation of larger faults shielding neighbouring structures. These results point to a regional predictive approach for assessing trap integrity in the offshore northern Perth Basin. While this approach will help explorers reduce risk the study highlights the need to identify other play types that avoid fault seal breach. An as yet untested potential basin floor fan stratigraphic play in the Abrolhos Sub-basin and analogues to the successful Cretaceous stratigraphic traps along the West African sheared margin in the Zeewyck Sub-basin may satisfy these criteria.

PLEASE NOTE: These data have been updated. See Related Links for new data. Geodatabase of the Commonwealth Coastal Waters (State/Territory Powers) Act 1980 - An Act to extend the legislative powers of the States/Northern Territory in and in relation to coastal waters.

The 'Major crustal boundaries of Australia' map synthesizes more than 30 years of acquisition of deep seismic reflection data across Australia, where major crustal-scale breaks have been interpreted in the seismic reflection profiles, often inferred to be relict sutures between different crustal blocks. The widespread coverage of the seismic profiles now provides the opportunity to construct a map of major crustal boundaries across Australia. Starting with the locations of the crustal breaks identified in the seismic profiles, geological (e.g. outcrop mapping, drill hole, geochronology, isotope) and geophysical (e.g. gravity, aeromagnetic, magnetotelluric) data are used to map the crustal boundaries, in map view, away from the seismic profiles. For some of these boundaries, a high level of confidence can be placed on the location, whereas the location of other boundaries can only be considered to have medium or low confidence. In other areas, especially in regions covered by thick sedimentary successions, the locations of some crustal boundaries are essentially unconstrained. The 'Major crustal boundaries of Australia' map shows the locations of inferred ancient plate boundaries, and will provide constraints on the three dimensional architecture of Australia. It allows a better understanding of how the Australian continent was constructed from the Mesoarchean through to the Phanerozoic, and how this evolution and these boundaries have controlled metallogenesis. It is best viewed as a dynamic dataset, which will have to be further refined and updated as new information such as seismic reflection data becomes available.

This is a compilation of all the bathymetry data that GA holds in its database for the area that covers the Diamantina Fracture Zone to the Naturaliste Plateau. This dataset consist of different 6X4 degrees tiles that are: Tiles SI48,SJ48,SK48,SL48, SI47,SJ47, SK47,SL47, SJ46,SK46,SL46, SK45 and SL45)