The Carlo Sandstone is part of the Toko Group of the Georgina Basin. This basin, which straddles the Northern Territory-Queensland border, comprises carbonate and clastic rocks of Cambrian and Early Ordovician age; the Toko Group forms the uppermost and dominantly clastic part of the sequence. The Carlo Sandstone, which is of possible Early Ordovician age (? latest Arenig), consists of very fine to fine quartzose sandstone containing siltstone and mudstone pellets. Minor siltstone and mudstone interbeds are present. The unit is conformable with the underlying Nora and overlying Mithaka Formations. Sedimentary structures present include: flute marks, current crescents, various other current lineations, ripple-marks, cross stratification, lamination and various biogenic sedimentary structures. The palaeocurrent measurements indicate uni-directional currents. Fossils are rare except in the uppermost part of the unit where gastropods, pelecypods, nautiloids, trilobites, brachiopods and fish are present. A study of geometry, lithology, sedimentary structures, palaeocurrents and fossils indicate subtidal to intertidal depositional conditions. Of various depositional models, a barrier model is favoured. The Nora Formation represents the offshore, below wave base sediments; the Carlo Sandstone the barrier, either dunes or bars; and the Mithaka Formation the lagoon-bay sediments. The sediments were deposited in an elongate epicontinental sea that also covered the Amadeus, Wiso and Canning Basins.

This dataset reflects the external boundaries of all native title determination and compensation applications that are currently recognized and active within the Federal Court process. Applications that are non-active (i.e. withdrawn, dismissed, finalised, rejected or combined) are only included as aspatial records for completeness. This is a national dataset with data partitioned by jurisdiction (State), for ease of use. Applications stored for each jurisdiction dataset include applications which overlap into adjoining jurisdictions as well as applications which overlap with these for completeness. This dataset depicts the spatial definition of active Claimant and Non-claimant native title determination applications and compensation applications. Where possible these may include internal boundaries or areas excluded. Aspatial attribution includes National Native Title Tribunal number, Federal Court number, application status and the names of both the NNTT Case Manager and Lead Member where assigned to the application. Applications included on the Schedule of Native Title (Federal Court) include all registered and unregistered applications as well as determined applications that are yet to be finalized.

The North Australian Element (NAE) is one of the most richly endowed cratonic blocks in the world, containing major Zn-Pb, U, Cu-Au, diamond and Au deposits as well as smaller deposits with a range of other commodities. This richness results from a complex tectonic history extending from the Archean through to the Paleozoic. The NAE largely assembled before ~1840 Ma through accretion of the Kimberley and Pine Creek provinces from the northwest, the Numil-Kowanyama Province from the east and Aileron Province from the south onto a proto-NAE comprising the Tanami-Tennant and Isa provinces. The last major growth of the NAE occurred during accretion of the Warumpi Province from the south at ~1640 Ma. This overlapped development of the North Australian Basin System along the eastern flank between ~1800 Ma and 1540 Ma. Since then the NAE has been affected by 1540-1500 Ma A-type magmatism, Meso- to Neoproterzoic alkaline magmatic events, and the development of the intracratonic Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic Centralian superbasin, which was terminated by Paleozoic inversion associated with accretion in the Tasman Element to the east. The oldest significant mineral deposits - VHMS, orthomagmatic Ni-Cu-PGE and REE deposits - relate to convergence and docking of the Kimberley and Pine Creek provinces at 1865-1830 Ma. The ~1850-1845 Ma Tennant Creek IOCG event may relate to convergence of the Aileron Province. Small VHMS (1810-1765 Ma) deposits and, possibly, the Tanami and Pine Creek lode gold provinces (1810-1795 Ma) relate to north-dipping subduction along the southern margin of the NAE. Syn- to post-collisional magmatism associated with the Strangways event, which terminated subduction, produced widespread but relatively minor W-Mo and Sn deposits at 1740-1720 Ma. Development of the North Australian Basin System was accompanied by U (1740-1610 Ma) and Zn-Pb (1690-1575 Ma) events, many of which correspond in time to bends in the apparent polar wander path. The last Mesoproterozoic mineralising events in the NAE occurred at 1540-1500 Ma, involving IOCG, sediment-hosted Cu, and apatite-REE-U-Th vein deposits. Between ~1500 Ma and initiation of the Centralian Basin System at ~850 Ma, mineralisation was associated with alkaline magmatism, including one of the world's the world's largest diamondiferous diatreme at ~1180 Ma. The most recent period of mineralisation accompanied inversion of the Centralian superbasin and included ~360 Ma MVT and ~320 Ma lode gold deposits.

A Devonian microvertebrate fauna from the NDahla Member, previously assigned to the Cambro-Ordovician Pacoota Sandstone, has led to a revision of the stratigraphy in the Ross River Syncline. The NDahla Member is included in the Devonian Pertnjara Group, and is correlated on faunal evidence with the Deering Siltstone Member of the Parke Siltstone in the central Amadeus Basin. The overlying sandstone, previously mapped as Mereenie Sandstone, is presumed to be equivalent to one of the overlying formations of the Pertnjara Group. The NDahla Member rests with angular unconformity on the underlying Pacoota Sandstone, this break possibly representing both the Rodingan and Pertnjara Movements of other authors. Evidence of the Devonian Pertnjara Movement in the Amadeus Basin is reviewed, and the possibility that the Mereenie Sandstone was never deposited in the Ross River sequence is discussed. The recognition of Mereenie Sandstone in other outcrops and wells in the eastern part of the Amadeus Basin requires re-examination.