To test existing geological interpretations and the regional stratigraphic relationships of the Carrara Sub-basin with adjacent resource-rich provinces, the deep stratigraphic drill hole NDI Carrara 1 was located on the western flanks of the Carrara Sub-basin, on the seismic line 17GA-SN1. The recovery of high quality near-continuous core from the Carrara Sub-basin, in concert with the spectrum of baseline analytical work being conducted by Geoscience Australia through the EFTF program, as well as other work by government and university researchers is greatly improving our understanding of this new basin. While recently published geochemistry baseline datasets have provided valuable insight into the Carrara Sub-basin, the age of the sedimentary rocks intersected by NDI Carrara 1 and their chronostratigraphic relationships with adjacent resource rich regions has remained an outstanding question. In this contribution, we present new sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) geochronology results from NDI Carrara 1 and establish regional stratigraphic correlations to better understand the energy and base-metal resource potential of this exciting frontier basin in northern Australia.

<div>This data package contains interpretations of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) conductivity sections in the Exploring for the Future (EFTF) program’s Eastern Resources Corridor (ERC) study area, in south eastern Australia. Conductivity sections from 3 AEM surveys were interpreted to provide a continuous interpretation across the study area – the EFTF AusAEM ERC (Ley-Cooper, 2021), the Frome Embayment TEMPEST (Costelloe et al., 2012) and the MinEx CRC Mundi (Brodie, 2021) AEM surveys. Selected lines from the Frome Embayment TEMPEST and MinEx CRC Mundi surveys were chosen for interpretation to align with the 20&nbsp;km line-spaced EFTF AusAEM ERC survey (Figure 1).</div><div>The aim of this study was to interpret the AEM conductivity sections to develop a regional understanding of the near-surface stratigraphy and structural architecture. To ensure that the interpretations took into account the local geological features, the AEM conductivity sections were integrated and interpreted with other geological and geophysical datasets, such as boreholes, potential fields, surface and basement geology maps, and seismic interpretations. This approach provides a near-surface fundamental regional geological framework to support more detailed investigations. </div><div>This study interpreted between the ground surface and 500&nbsp;m depth along almost 30,000 line kilometres of nominally 20&nbsp;km line-spaced AEM conductivity sections, across an area of approximately 550,000&nbsp;km2. These interpretations delineate the geo-electrical features that correspond to major chronostratigraphic boundaries, and capture detailed stratigraphic information associated with these boundaries. These interpretations produced approximately 170,000 depth estimate points or approximately 9,100 3D line segments, each attributed with high-quality geometric, stratigraphic, and ancillary data. The depth estimate points are formatted for compliance with Geoscience Australia’s (GA) Estimates of Geological and Geophysical Surfaces (EGGS) database, the national repository for standardised depth estimate points. </div><div>Results from these interpretations provided support to stratigraphic drillhole targeting, as part of the Delamerian Margins NSW National Drilling Initiative campaign, a collaboration between GA’s EFTF program, the MinEx CRC National Drilling Initiative and the Geological Survey of New South Wales. The interpretations have applications in a wide range of disciplines, such as mineral, energy and groundwater resource exploration, environmental management, subsurface mapping, tectonic evolution studies, and cover thickness, prospectivity, and economic modelling. It is anticipated that these interpretations will benefit government, industry and academia with interest in the geology of the ERC region.</div>

<div>The interpretation of AusAEM airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey conductivity sections in the Canning Basin region delineates the geo-electrical features that correspond to major chronostratigraphic boundaries, and captures detailed stratigraphic information associated with these boundaries. This interpretation forms part of an assessment of the underground hydrogen storage potential of salt features in the Canning Basin region based on integration and interpretation of AEM and other geological and geophysical datasets. A main aim of this work was to interpret the AEM to develop a regional understanding of the near-surface stratigraphy and structural geology. This regional geological framework was complimented by the identification and assessment of possible near-surface salt-related structures, as underground salt bodies have been identified as potential underground hydrogen storage sites. This study interpreted over 20,000 line kilometres of 20&nbsp;km nominally line-spaced AusAEM conductivity sections, covering an area approximately 450,000 km2 to a depth of approximately 500&nbsp;m in northwest Western Australia. These conductivity sections were integrated and interpreted with other geological and geophysical datasets, such as boreholes, potential fields, surface and basement geology maps, and seismic interpretations. This interpretation produced approximately 110,000 depth estimate points or 4,000 3D line segments, each attributed with high-quality geometric, stratigraphic, and ancillary data. The depth estimate points are formatted for Geoscience Australia’s Estimates of Geological and Geophysical Surfaces database, the national repository for formatted depth estimate points. Despite these interpretations being collected to support exploration of salt features for hydrogen storage, they are also intended for use in a wide range of other disciplines, such as mineral, energy and groundwater resource exploration, environmental management, subsurface mapping, tectonic evolution studies, and cover thickness, prospectivity, and economic modelling. Therefore, these interpretations will benefit government, industry and academia interested in the geology of the Canning Basin region.</div>

The NDI Carrara 1 sedimentology, microstructural analysis and sequence stratigraphy program was a joint undertaking between Geoscience Australia (GA) and CSIRO (Perth) as part of the Exploring for the Future program to examine the sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and paleogeography of the Carrara Sub-basin. The program was based on recovered core from the National Drilling Initiative (NDI) deep stratigraphic drill hole, NDI Carrara 1. NDI Carrara 1 is the first drill hole to intersect the Proterozoic rocks of the Carrara Sub-Basin, a large depocentre discovered during seismic acquisition conducted during the first phase of the EFTF program in 2017. NDI Carrara 1 is located on the western flanks of the Carrara Sub-basin, reaching a total depth of 1751 m, intersecting ca. 630 m of Cambrian Georgina Basin overlying ca. 1100 m of Proterozoic carbonates, black shales and siliciclastics. This final report, and associated appendices, compiles the findings of three milestone deliverables. The first component of the report addresses the sedimentology of the Proterozoic section of NDI Carrara 1 with an accompanying Appendix (core log, from HyLogger data). The second component is a detailed microstructural analysis based on selected thin sections in intervals of interest. The final component completed a 1D sequence stratigraphic assessment, enabling regional stratigraphic correlations to be established and an interpretive paleogeographic map generated for the Proterozoic sequences of interest across the region .

The Palaeoproterozoic Fraynes Formation in the Birrindudu Basin is a chronostratigraphic counterpart to the highly prospective Barney Creek Formation in the McArthur Basin. However, there is limited understanding of its source potential in comparison. As part of Geoscience Australia’s Exploring for the Future program, this study aims to assess the hydrocarbon generating potential and shale gas prospectivity of the Fraynes Formation in the exploration drillhole Manbulloo S1 through the reconstruction of original source-rock generating potential and well log interpretation. Internal units inside the Fraynes Formation were defined according to sedimentary facies. The hydrocarbon generation potential was estimated using the original TOC content, hydrogen index and thermal maturity data. The shale total porosity was re-interpreted from bulk density logs by removing the organic matter effect and adding organic porosity for the organic-rich shales. The water saturation was then updated accordingly. The maximum amount of generated gas of the organic-rich source rocks are 3969 Mcf/a-ft, 2769 Mcf/a-ft and 1912 Mcf/a-ft when assuming the kerogen compositions of 100 Type I, mix of 50-50% Type I and II, and 100% Type II, respectively. The richness of organic matter and interpreted water saturation (<100%) imply favourable shale gas prospectivity in the Fraynes Formation. This work expands our knowledge on the unconventional energy resources in the west of the greater McArthur Basin. Paper presented at the 2024 Australian Energy Producers (AEP) Conference &amp; Exhibition (https://pesa.com.au/events/2024-aep-conference-exhibition/)

NDI Carrara 1 is a deep stratigraphic drill hole (~1751m) completed in 2020 as part of the MinEx CRC National Drilling Initiative (NDI) in collaboration with Geoscience Australia and the Northern Territory Geological Survey. It is the first test of the Carrara Sub-basin, a depocentre newly discovered in the South Nicholson region based on interpretation from seismic surveys (L210 in 2017 and L212 in 2019) recently acquired as part of the Exploring for the Future program. The drill hole intersected approximately 1100 m of Proterozoic sedimentary rocks uncomformably overlain by 630 m of Cambrian Georgina Basin carbonates. This report presents petrology and clay speciation XRD conducted on of 6 selected volcaniclastic rocks taken from NDI Carrara 1 between ca. 1579 m and ca. 1653 m depth. Petrology and XRD was undertaken by Microanalysis Australia (under contract to Geoscience Australia as part of the Exploring for the Future program). Borehole completion report can be found at https://portal.ga.gov.au/bhcr/minerals/648482

Proterozoic rocks of the South Nicholson region, straddling the north-eastern Northern Territory and north-western Queensland, are juxtaposed between the Mount Isa Province and the McArthur Basin. Whereas the latter two provinces are well-studied and highly prospective for energy and mineral resources, the geological evolution and resource potential of the South Nicholson region, until recently, remained largely unevaluated. Geoscience Australia, under the Exploring for the Future (EFTF) initiative (2016–2020), in collaboration with State and Territory Geological Surveys, conducted a range of regional and targeted geoscience investigations across the South Nicholson region to better understand the resource potential, and to encourage greenfield resource exploration. Poster presented at the 2021 Australian Earth Sciences Convention (AESC)