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The Jemalong Trough - further evidence of Silurian-Devonian rifting in the eastern Lachlan Fold Belt
The Silurian to Early Devonian extensional history of the eastern Lachlan Fold Belt is well established with respect to the Hill End and Cowra Troughs. A rifting episode of similar age is described here for an area to the west of these more widely known troughs. The Jemalong Trough is a north-south trending belt, over 400 km long and between 15 km and 70 km wide, extending from near Junee in the south, to east of Nyngan in the north (Fig. 1). Much of the trough is poorly exposed, and substantial parts of it are interpreted from regional geophysics. The northern third of the trough is overlain by Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of the Surat Basin. The Jemalong Trough contains sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Derriwong, Ootha, and Trundle Groups, and corresponds in part with the Bogan Gate Terrace of Scheibner and Basden (1998). The term 'trough' is used here, however, as the sedimentary rocks of the Jemalong Trough contain evidence for deep water as well as shallow water depositional environments, and the character of the volcanic rocks in the trough suggest substantial rifting of the underlying Ordovician volcanic basement. The trough lies unconformably on the intermediate to mafic Ordovician arc volcanics of the Junee-Narromine Belt and folded quartz-rich turbidites of the Girilambone Group and Kirribilli Formation. The southernmost margins of the trough are formed by part of the Gilmore Fault Zone, but, where exposed, unconformable margins are preserved for most of the length of the trough.
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