The Lake Harris Komatiite in the central Gawler craton of South Australia is the first documented komatiite outside the West Australian craton and the easternmost occurrence of such primitive ultramafic rocks in Australia. A U-Pb zircon age of ca. 2520 Ga for the komatiitic sequence indicates a previously unknown period of mantle-plume activity in the Late Archean. An integrated program of airborne magnetic surveys, gravity surveys, and core drilling was successful in defining the distribution and volcanic architecture of the komatiitic flows and associated greenstones through an extensive thin cover of Cenozoic alluvial sediments. Surface exposure of the komatiitic rocks is restricted to one small outcrop near Lake Harris. The greenstones form a series of subparallel east-northeast-trending sinuous magnetic highs flanked by large ovoid to elongate magnetic highs and lows that correlate with Archean-Proterozoic granitic bodies associated with province-wide shear systems, similar to the Archean greenstone terranes in the Yilgarn craton of Western Australia. The steeply dipping greenstone sequence was metamorphosed to middle amphibolite facies during the ca. 2440 Ma Sleafordian orogeny and sheared during the ca. 1700 Ma Kimban and ca. 1540 Ma Kararan orogenies. The greenstones consist of komatiite cumulates (43-32% MgO, anhydrous), high to low Mg komatiite (32-18% MgO), komatiitic and tholeiitic basalt (<18% MgO), pyroxenite cumulates, felsic volcanic rocks, minor metasedimentary rocks, pyroclastic rocks, and rare banded iron formation. They extend over 300 km in three subparallel belts that appear to be isoclinally folded around east-northeast axes and tectonically dismembered to the south by the Yerda shear zone. Komatiitic rocks have been confirmed by drilling in all three belts, but the absence of outcrop and structural complexities prevent detailed stratigraphic correlations within and between the belts. The komatiitic rocks display a range of quenched and cumulus textures defined by the different habits of olivine and its alteration products. Trace sulfides (pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pentlandite, pyrite, marcasite, polydymite violarite, heazelwoodite, millerite) form very small (0.01-0.2 mm) single-phase disseminated grains and coarser disaggregated grains. Their distribution largely reflects metamorphic and serpentinization processes, with high Ni/S ratios and probable sulfur loss from the more magnesian parts of the flows. Rare composite pyrrhotite-pentlandite-chalcopyrite blebs (0.1-0.5 mm) characterize some low Mg flows. Locally, there is supergene pyrite-marcasite and native copper-bornite-chalcocite(?) assemblage infilling of late low-temperature serpentine-chlorite veinlets. Thick ponded lava lake and distal composite sheet flow facies have been identified from different parts of the komatiitic sequences. Systematic whole-rock and mineral chemical trends indicate that despite the effects of recrystallization and reequilibration during amphibolite-facies metamorphism, the original magmatic geochemical profiles are largely preserved. The whole-rock data for the Lake Harris Komatiite does not show any obvious Ni depletion during fractionation but indicate a strong olivine control in dominantly sulfur undersaturated environments. Low sulfur (100-600 ppm S) and high Pd + Pt (5-30 ppb) contents, and Ti/Pd ratios of 2 to 4 x 105 for the komatiitic rocks are similar to sulfur-undersaturated Archean komatiites hosting Ni-Cu-PGE deposits, i.e., there is little evidence for sulfur saturation in the sampled komatiites. Identification of a pre-2.5 Ga source of sulfur in the substrate would be a positive indicator of potential sulfur saturation of the lavas elsewhere in the greenstone belt and a possible target for mineralization.

A suite of ice-rafted dropstones and glendonites throughout the Permian succession of eastern Australia has led many researchers to suggest that the late Paleozoic glaciation terminated diachronously in this part of Gondwana. Paradoxically, these cold climate indicators are preserved in transgressive and highstand facies and formed at mid to high latitudes at a time when paleofloral data suggest temperate conditions at the pole. These apparent inconsistencies suggest that rather than recording the development of glacial conditions in eastern Gondwana, these features indicate localized cooling. A lack of glacial facies in the sedimentary basins and equable onshore climates indicated by abundant coal measures suggest that cooling of this part of the Gondwanan coast must have been driven by offshore processes. Upwelling of cold abyssal waters is one process by which this may have occurred. Coupled atmosphere-ocean models for the Permian indicate that onshore breezes and Ekman (geostrophic) currents may have resulted in upwelling along this section of the Gondwanan coast. This hypothesis is supported by the high productivity Eurydesma fauna that characterizes the strata, the relatively high total organic carbon content of the offshore mudrocks, and elevated phosphate concentrations within some horizons, which together display a similarity with modern upwelling zones. For the first time, this new hypothesis reconciles the prolonged deposition of cold-climate indicators in the eastern Australian Permian with a synchronous collapse of the late Paleozoic glaciation in the mid-Sakmarian.

These maps were prepared on paper, and further work is needed to convert them to rigorous plate kinematics.

This dataset reflects the boundaries of those Indigenous Land Use Agreements (ILUA's) that have entered the notification process or have been registered and placed on the Register of Indigenous Land Use Agreements (s199A, Native Title Act; Commonwealth). This is a national dataset. A spatial attribution includes National Native Title Tribunal number, Name, Agreement Type, Proponent, Area and Registration Date.

This dataset attempts to reflect the boundaries of claimant applications for Native Title as per the Register of Native Title Claims (s185, Native Title Act; Commonwealth). This is a national dataset but data is stored by jurisdiction (State), for ease of use. Applications stored for each jurisdiction dataset include applications which overlap into adjoining jurisdictions as well as applications which overlap with these. This dataset depicts the spatial record of registered claimant applications. Aspatial attribution includes National Native Title Tribunal number, Federal Court number, application status and the names of both the NNTT Case Manager and Lead Member assigned to the application. Applicants of registered applications have the Right To Negotiate (RTN) with respect to certain types of Future Acts over the area being claimed. Whilst applications that are determined are recorded on a separate register, all registered applications remain on the Register of Native Title Claims until otherwise finalised.

Miller et al, 2005. Evolution of a hybrid orogenis zone in response to changing acretion dynamics: The Delamarian and Lachlan Orogens, SE Australia. AJES

Kendrick et al, 2005. Part II. Evaluation of 40Ar/39Ar quartz-fluid-inclusion ages: Examples from the Mt Isa Inlier, northeastern Australia.

Miller & Phillips - STOMP 2005

Supermodels of Mining - Australia 's Mining Monthly, March 2005, Cutting Edge Series by Julian Cribb/Paul Roberts

The Bedout High in the Roebuck Basin (formerly offshore Canning Basin) on the northwest shelf of Australia is an unusual structure, which has been controversially interpreted as an end-Permian impact structure similar in size to the K-T boundary Chicxulub crater. We present a geophysical point of view of the associated debate, based on deep seismic reflection, refraction and well data. The basement and crust in the Roebuck Basin displays a number of features that distinguish it from other basins along the northwest Australian margin, including major crustal thinning and the presence of a thick layer of interpreted magmatic underplating outboard of the Bedout High. The Bedout High consists of two separate highs separated by a fault zone and is associated with a Moho uplift of 7-8 km, and is about 40-50 km wide. The normal fault separating the two highs is NW-SE oriented, paralleling a Paleozoic fault system associated with rifting in the Canning basin. Neither gravity data nor basement topography clearly outline a circular depression around the Bedout High. There are no circular, symmetric fault zones bounding the proposed annular trough, and the distinct difference in seismic character normally associated with impact breccias versus layered sediments above are not expressed in the available multichannel seismic data. The area around the Bedout High area stands out as an area of low velocity basement: 5400-5600 m/s compared to 5800-6000 m/s for other nearby basement areas located in a similar depth range. However, an observed basement velocity low on the Bedout High compared to elevated velocities in the presumed annular basin is not consistent with an impact breccia flooring the basin juxtaposed with an igneous high. Thermal modelling based on data from well La Grange-1 and basalts drilled on top of the Bedout High are consistent with Triassic-Jurassic rifting above anomalously hot mantle, and seismic velocity analysis reveals an underplated layer in the lower crust. The currently available geophysical data are compatible with an interpretation of the Bedout structure as a basement high formed by two consecutive Paleozoic and Mesozoic episodes of rifting roughly orthogonal to each other, associated with basin formation east and west of the Bedout High due to post-Permian lithospheric extension.