<p>This is a Joint Research Project of a seismic test survey using dynamite as a seismic source in the Gippsland Basin between South Australian Gas Company (SAGASCO) and Geoscience Australia. This survey wad conducted by using the GA Sercel SN368 seismic 120 channel data acquisition system, two drilling rigs and seismic crew. The primary objective of the seismic test survey was to test whether by using dynamite as the seismic energy source, seismic reflection events could be recorded from geological horizons below the base of the Latrobe Valley Group. Processing of the seismic data revealed that using explosives as a seismic source also had difficulty in resolving seismic reflection events below the Labtrobe Valley Group sediments. In places multiple reflection events due to the coal beds within the Latrobe Valley Group are intermixed with primary reflections making interpretation of deeper reflection events difficult or impossible. However long offsets recordings highlighted a significant first break refraction event at far offset distances, which from preliminary interpretations is related to the base of the Latrobe Valley Group or top of Strzelecki Group. To resolve the thickness of Strzelecki Group sediments, the recording of first break refraction events using long offset walkaway spreads (offsets in the 6 to 8 km range) maybe a technique to test in future seismic surveys.<p><b>Raw data for this survey are available on request from clientservices@ga.gov.au - Quote eCat# 74946</b>

A seismic velocity survey was carried out in Associated Freney Oilfields Nerrima No. 1 Bore by the Bureau of Mineral Resources on the 10th August 1955. The well is situated on the Nerrima Dome in the Fitzroy Basin, W.A. Some trouble was experienced with cable breaks for the shallow part of the hole, but in general it was possible to recognise the true formation break. Average measured velocities ranged from 8000 ft/sec near the top to 12,200 ft/sec for the total depth of the bore.

In 2008, as part of the Australian Government's Onshore Energy Security Program, Geoscience Australia, acquired deep seismic reflection, wide-angle refraction, magnetotelluric (MT) and gravity data along a 250 km east-west transect that crosses several tectonic domain boundaries in the Gawler Craton and also the western boundary of the South Australian Heat Flow Anomaly (SAHFA). Geophysical datasets provide information on the crustal architecture and evolution of this part of the Archean-Proterozoic Gawler Craton. The wide-angle refraction and MT surveys were designed to supplement deep seismic reflection data, with velocity information for the upper crust, and electrical conductivity distribution from surface to the upper mantle. The seismic image of the crust from reflection data shows variable reflectivity along the line. The upper 2 s of data imaged nonreflective crust; the middle to lower part of the crust is more reflective, with strong, east-dipping reflections in the central part of the section.The 2D velocity model derived from wide-angle data shows velocity variations in the upper crust and can be constrained down to a depth of 12 km. The model consists of three layers overlying basement. The mid-crustal basement interpreted from the reflection data, at 6 km in depth in the western part of the transect and shallowing to 1 km depth in the east, is consistent with the velocity model derived from wide-angle and gravity data. MT modelling shows a relatively resistive deep crust across most of the transect, with more conductive crust at the western end, and near the centre. The enhanced conductivity in the central part of the profile is associated with a zone of high reflectivity in the seismic image. Joined interpretation of seismic data supplemented by MT, gravity and geological data improve geological understanding of this region.

The Fenton Fault, one of the major tectonic lines in the Canning and Fitzroy Basins, has always presented a major problem to geologists seeking to determine its true nature and significance. The investigation described in this report was intended to contribute towards a solution of the problem. This investigation included a seismic reflection traverse across the Fault in the area of Barnes Flow, near where previous gravity and airborne magnetic traverses had crossed it, together with refraction traverses on each side of and across the fault. The results of previous surveys are discussed, and show that the gravity meter is a most useful tool for the further investigation of the Fenton Fault. However, unless new and effective treatment of results can be devised, it is of doubtful value in investigating folding within the Fitzroy Basin, though this does not necessarily detract from its value for regional surveys. The airborne magnetometer on the other hand, is not a reasonable tool for investigating the Fault. It is concluded that the Fenton Fault at Barnes Flow is a normal fault, downthrown to the north-east, with a throw probably exceeding 10,000 feet. The thickness of the sedimentary section on the north side of the Fault near Barnes Flow probably exceeds 16,000 feet. On the south side a velocity of over 20,000 ft/sec. was recorded from a depth of 5,500 feet. This probably indicates the depth to basement at this point. On the south side of the Fault at Jurgurra Creek the sedimentary section appears to be about 7,000 feet thick. The conclusion that baaement is relatively shallow to the south of the fault could be tested by drilling. The rig used should be capable of drilling to at least 6,000 feet to ensure that the 20,000 ft/sec. refractor may be penetrated and identified.

A seismic reconnaissance, traverse was surveyed for 20 miles along an east-west line,. 10 miles 'north of -Carnarvon, as part of a regional investigation of the southern part of the Carnarvon Basin, W.A. Both reflection and refraction techniques were used, and the results were Correlated, where possible, with the known formations in the Pelican Hill bore. Several reflecting horizons could be followed although reflections from below the level of the Cretaceous/Palaeozoic unconformity were badly interfered by multiples. The refraction method was successful, and recorded three main refractors with velocities of 14750.ft/sec, 18400 ft/sec, and 20,280 ft/sec. The main feature of the section obtained is a broad antiform within the Palaeozoic sediments, shown particularly by the 20 2 280 ft/sec refractor, which is_a good marker. for structural mapping. This marker has been tentatively correlated with the Dirk Hartog Dolomite, which would suggest that the strata underlying the Gneudna Formation in the Pelican Hill bore belong to the Nanyarra Greywacke rather than the Tumblagooda Sandstone. Overall the profile of the 20 2 280 ft/sec marker has a slight west dip from about 4000 feet at the eastern end to about 5000 feet at the western end of the traverse. The Cretaceous/Palaeozoic unconformity was fairly flat at a depth of about 1500 feet. Indications from the reflection cross-section and from the profile of the 18,400.ft/sec refractor are that the sediments between the two above horizons are similar in structural attitude to the deeper horizon.

Details and results are given of a seismic refraction survey made at the request of the Hydro-Electric Commission of Tasmania, to investigate the proposed site for a power station with penstock lines and tail race. The power station is part of the Wayatinah "A" project. The object of the survey was to determine the thickness of the alluvial gravel formation on the river flat, the weathered section of the sandstone and the dolerite, and to indicate the presence of shear zones. Three traverses parallel to the proposed penstock line, and 100 feet apart, and three cross traverses were surveyed in January and February, 1954. After completion of the original survey two additional traverses were surveyed on the location chosen for the power station, penstock lines and tail race site.

Details and results are given of a seismic refraction survey made at the request of the Hydro-Electric Commission of Tasmania, to investigate the site of the western portal of the proposed Mossy Marsh Tunnel. The tunnel is part of the No. 2 Tarraleah Canal project to transport water from Lake King William to Tarraleah Power Station. The primary object of the survey was to determine the thickness of till overlying the dolerite bedrock, and hence contours of the bedrock surface.

The geophysical survey described in this report was undertaken at the request of the Snowy Mountains Authority for the purpose of investigating possible sites for the proposed Spencer's Creek dam. The area surveyed is about two miles above the junction of Spencer's Creek with the Snowy River, about six miles east of the summit of Mt. Kosciuszko, and at an average elevation of about 5,700 feet above sea level. The specific information sought by the survey comprised the following: depth and nature of the bedrock, contours of the bedrock surface, nature of the overburden, and in particular, variations in physical properties occurring either horizontally or vertically. The seismic refraction method was used in the survey. This report gives an account of the geophysical survey and its results.

The Bureau of Mineral Resources'No. 2 seismic party conducted a Survey over the Palm Valley Anticline 80 miles west of Alice Springs, from 2nd November to 22nd November 1961. The seismic reflection method showed (a) the anticlinal structure existed at depth and (b) at the northern end of the main north-south traverse in the Missionary Plains north-dipping reflections were recorded from about 2500-ft depth. A shallow refractor was recorded in which the velocity Was 17,800 ft/sec. This refractor, which could not be positively identified, prevented, any useful deeper refraction information being recorded.

<p>Geoscience Australia conducted a seismic survey to discover ore bodies in the Broken Hill region in 1996. Seventy eight artefact locations were recorded during the survey, none of which will be impacted upon by the seismic line route which was realigned to avoid them.<p><b>Raw data for this survey are available on request from clientservices@ga.gov.au - Quote eCat# 74886</b>