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  • This entails publishing a formal analysis which, under the International Codes of Zoological and Botanical Nomenclature, must be accompanied by illustrations of specimens. These illustrated specimens can then become the 'ype specimens'. The type specimen acts as a reference upon which the understanding of each species relies. So, if any subsequent research worker wants to compare their material with, or to assign their material to a known species, the concept of that species is dependent on the type specimens and the research worker must refer to those type specimens.