NSW
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An overview is given of New South Wales saline seepage and resultant dryland salinisation, in the context of land degradation concerns across the Murray-Darling Basin. Causes of saline water discharge, the extent of dryland salting in the State, and its effects on land and water resources are outlined. The problem is assessed in terms of present knowledge and action needed to prevent and / or control its spread. Research priorities are suggested. Both specific and broad strategies already addressing dryland salinisation and associated land degradation are described. Future actions for New South Wales are outlined and the need is stressed for community education, as well as 3-way cooperation between governments, scientists and landholders.
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Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth"s surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This Absolute "G" Station Sydney (P197199) contains a total of 1 point data values acquired at a spacing of None metres. The data is located in NSW and were acquired in 1970, under project No. 197199 for Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR).
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The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This NSW DMR, Discovery 2000, 1994-95, AREA E, Northern Parkes (P735), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled were acquired in 1995 by the NSW Government, and consisted of 122000 line-kilometres of data at 250m line spacing and 60m terrain clearance. To constrain long wavelengths in the data, an independent data set, the Australia-wide Airborne Geophysical Survey (AWAGS) airborne magnetic data, was used to control the base levels of the survey data. This survey data is essentially levelled to AWAGS.
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Data used to produce the predicted Total Dissolved Solids map for the Wallumbilla - Rolling Downs Group aquifers in the Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin (Ransley et.al., 2015). There are four layers in the Wallumbilla - Rolling Downs Group aquifers Total Dissolved Solids map data. A. Location of hydrochemistry samples (Point data, Shapefile) B. Predicted Concentration (Filled contours , Shapefile) C. Predicted Concentration Contours (Contours, Shapefile) D. Prediction Standard Error (Filled contours , Shapefile) The predicted values provide a regional based estimate and may be associated with considerable error. It is recommended that the predicted values are read together with the predicted error map, which provides an estimate of the absolute standard error associated with the predicted values at any point within the map. The predicted standard error map provides an absolute standard error associated with the predicted values at any point within the map. Please note this is not a relative error map and the concentration of a parameter needs to be considered when interpreting the map. Predicted standard error values are low where the concentration is low and there is a high density of samples. Predicted standard errors values can be high where the concentration is high and there is moderate variability between nearby samples or where there is a paucity of data. Concentrations are Total Dissolved Solids mg/L. Coordinate system is Lambert conformal conic GDA 1994, with central meridian 134 degrees longitude, standard parallels at -18 and -36 degrees latitude. The Wallumbilla - Rolling Downs Group aquifers Total Dissolved Solids map is one of two hydrochemistry maps for the Wallumbilla - Rolling Downs Group aquifers and 24 hydrochemistry maps in the Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin (Ransley et. al., 2014). This dataset and associated metadata can be obtained from www.ga.gov.au, using catalogue number 81691. References: Ransley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. and Stewart, G., 2015. Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin. Geoscience Australia. Canberra. [available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 79790] Hitchon, B. and Brulotte, M. (1994): Culling criteria for 'standard' formation water analyses; Applied Geochemistry, v. 9, p. 637-645
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The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This radiometric potassium grid has a cell size of 0.00042 degrees (approximately 43m) and shows potassium element concentration of the Forbes Detail, NSW, 1993 in units of percent (or %). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 1993 by the NSW Government, and consisted of 49055 line-kilometres of data at a line spacing between 200m and 400m, and 100m terrain clearance.
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The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This radiometric uranium grid has a cell size of 0.00048 degrees (approximately 50m) and shows uranium element concentration of the Southern Darling Basin Airborne Survey, NSW, 2005 in units of parts per million (or ppm). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 2005 by the NSW Government, and consisted of 18763 line-kilometres of data at 400m line spacing and 60m terrain clearance.
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The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This radiometric thorium grid has a cell size of 0.00061 degrees (approximately 62m) and shows thorium element concentration of the Marulan-Mossvale, NSW, 1998 in units of parts per million (or ppm). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 1998 by the NSW Government, and consisted of 1886 line-kilometres of data at 250m line spacing and 60m terrain clearance.
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Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This Cobar Helicopter Gravity (P198834) contains a total of 627 point data values acquired at a spacing between 1275 and 6000 metres. The data is located in NSW and were acquired in 1988, under project No. 198834 for Department of Mines (New South Wales).
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The Paleogene-Neogene Cover - Thickness and Extent dataset, is one of a set that represents the hydrostratigraphic units of the Great Artesian Basin, which include five major aquifers, four intervening aquitards, and the Paleogene/Neogene cover. The alluvium cover has not been included as it is considered to be transparent to movement of water. There are six layers in the Paleogene-Neogene cover data set. A: Cover extent B: Paleogene/Neogene Volcanics cover extent C: Outcrop extent D: Isopach raster E: Isopach contours F: Location of data points The datasets have been derived from the lithostratigraphic intercepts in drillhole data from petroleum exploration wells, water bores, and stratigraphic wells. Seismic correlation and assessment of hydrogeological character based on electrofacies have not been used. The working datasets for this study has been derived primarily from the following databases: 1. Using data from http://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/water/groundwater/gabwra/data/technical-reports 2. PEPS-SA (Petroleum Exploration and Production System - South Australia) (Department of Primary Industries and Regions SA, 2011) 3. WaterConnect Groundwater database (Govt. of SA, 2011) 4. QPED (Queensland Petroleum exploration database) (Geological Survey of Queensland, 2010). 5. GABLOG (Great Artesian Basin Well Log Dataset) (Habermehl, 2001) 6. Additional supplementary information was derived from published reports listed in the references section below. 7. In the Carpentaria, especially offshore, data derived from seismic interpretation. This is a regional interpretation for mapping at approximately 1:1 000 000 to produce a broad scale overview, and examination of small areas by collecting extra data is most likely to produce results that differ from this regional interpretation. This dataset and associated metadata can be obtained from www.ga.gov.au, using catalogue number 81675. Associated report reference: Ransley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. and Stewart, G., 2015. Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin. Geoscience Australia. Canberra. [available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 79790]
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In the Dalton area, 60 km north of Canberra, Australia, earthquakes are strongly clustered in time, but the presence of multiple events with magnitudes around 2.8 is not a useful criterion for earthquake forecasting. If magnitude ML >2.7 events less than 14 months apart during the period 1960-1993 are grouped together, the magnitude ML(MAX) of the largest event of a group may be forecast from the relationship: ML(MAX) = 0.097 + 2.296 log t, where t months is the quiescent interval preceding the group in question and 2.8<ML(MAX)<4.2.