The Exploring for the Future Program (EFTF) is a $100.5 million four year, federally funded initiative to better characterise the mineral, energy and groundwater potential of northern Australia. A key focus area of the initiative is the South Nicholson region, situated across the Northern Territory and Queensland border. The South Nicholson region is located between two highly prospective provinces, the greater McArthur Basin in the Northern Territory, the Lawn Hill Platform and the Mount Isa Province in Queensland–Northern Territory, which both have demonstrated hydrocarbon and base metal resources. In contrast, the South Nicholson region is not well understood geologically, is mostly undercover with limited well data, and prior to EFTF contained limited seismic coverage. Re–Os analyses in this study were undertaken to complement seismic data, U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry data to better understand the geological evolution and resource potential of the South Nicholson region. Five organic carbon bearing sedimentary samples from drillholes BMR Ranken 1, NTGS00/1, DDH 83/1 and DDH 83/4 located across the South Nicholson region were analysed for whole rock Re–Os. The aim of the analyses was to better constrain the depositional age of basin units in the region, and to potentially provide insights into the timing of post-depositional processes such as fluid events and hydrocarbon generation and/or migration. Samples belong to the Mesoproterozoic South Nicholson Group, Paleoproterozoic Fickling and McNamara groups, and the Neoproterozoic to Devonian Georgina Basin. Samples were analysed at the University of Alberta, Canada.

This web service provides access to satellite imagery products for the identification of potential groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) in the South Nicholson - Georgina region.

<p>Exploring for the Future (EFTF) is a four year $100.5 million initiative by the Australian Government that aims to boost northern Australia's attractiveness as a destination for investment in resource exploration. As part of this program, Geoscience Australia has been tasked with gathering new pre-competitive data and information concerning potential mineral, energy and groundwater resources concealed beneath the surface, on an unprecedented scale. To ensure the program has the greatest impact Geoscience Australia will use innovative techniques in greenfield areas where the resource potential is completely unknown at a semi-continental scale. <p>A major EFTF output is the acquisition of deep crustal seismic reflection data. The first tranche of this was completed in early August 2017 in the region between the southern McArthur Basin to the Mt Isa western succession, crossing the South Nicholson Basin and Murphy Province. Prior to this survey, the region contained no seismic data and minimal well data. <p>This new seismic data will support exploration activities by providing a better understanding of the basin and basement architecture and structural evolution of the region, and assist in identifying geological terrains with resource potential. The preliminary processed data was released at the Annual Geoscience Exploration Seminar in March 2018 (Henson et al., 2018). This record presents the interpreted data alongside a geological summary of the region including the McArthur Basin, South Nicholson Basin and Mount Isa Orogen and provides a baseline for further studies in the region including the identification of a new sub-basin and presentation of current knowledge of the stratigraphy and geochemistry. <p>The new seismic reflection data acquired over the South Nicholson Basin as part of the Exploring for the Future program has outlined many areas of future opportunity. Geoscience Australia is currently pursuing an exciting program building upon previous work in the region, including extensive geochemical and geochronological studies aiming to build a greater understanding of the stratigraphy imaged by the seismic data. Further, our work in this region has already demonstrated the complicated and poorly understood nature of the stratigraphy and structural relationships within the region.

This record presents nine new Sensitive High Resolution Ion Micro Probe (SHRIMP) U–Pb zircon results obtained under the auspices of the Exploring for the Future (EFTF) Programme, a four year, federally funded initiative to better understand the mineral, energy and groundwater potential of northern Australia. The results presented here are derived from eight sedimentary samples and one probable tuffaceous sample together belonging to the Mount Isa Province, South Nicholson Basin and Georgina Basin.

The South Nicholson Basin and immediate surrounding region are situated between the Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic Mount Isa Province and McArthur Basin. Both the Mount Isa Province and the McArthur Basin are well studied; both regions host major base metal mineral deposits, and contain units prospective for hydrocarbons. In contrast, the South Nicholson Basin contains rocks that are mostly undercover, for which the basin evolution and resource potential are not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, the L210 South Nicholson Seismic Survey was acquired in 2017 in the region between the southern McArthur Basin and the western Mount Isa Province, crossing the South Nicholson Basin and Murphy Province. The primary aim of the survey was to investigate areas with low measured gravity responses (‘gravity lows’) in the region to determine whether they represent thick basin sequences, as is the case for the nearby Beetaloo Sub-basin. Key outcomes of the seismic acquisition and interpretation include (1) expanded extent of the South Nicholson Basin; (2) identification of the Carrara Sub-basin, a new basin element that coincides with a gravity low; (3) linkage between prospective stratigraphy of the Isa Superbasin (Lawn Hill Formation and Riversleigh Siltstone) and the Carrara Sub-basin; and (4) extension of the interpreted extent of the Mount Isa Province into the Northern Territory. <b>Citation:</b> Carr, L.K., Southby, C., Henson, P., Anderson, J.R., Costelloe, R., Jarrett, A.J.M., Carson, C.J., MacFarlane, S.K., Gorton, J., Hutton, L., Troup, A., Williams, B., Khider, K., Bailey, A.H.E. and Fomin, T., 2020. South Nicholson Basin seismic interpretation. In: Czarnota, K., Roach, I., Abbott, S., Haynes, M., Kositcin, N., Ray, A. and Slatter, E. (eds.) Exploring for the Future: Extended Abstracts, Geoscience Australia, Canberra, 1–4.

Stratigraphic drill hole NDI Carrara 1 was drilled as a collaboration between Geoscience Australia (GA), the Northern Territory Geological Survey (NTGS) and the Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre (MinEx CRC). It reached a total depth of 1751 m in late 2020 and is the first drill hole to intersect the undifferentiated Proterozoic rocks of the Carrara Sub-Basin. It intersected approximately 630 m of Cambrian Georgina Basin sedimentary rocks overlying the ~1100 m of Proterozoic carbonates, black shales and other siliciclastics of the Carrara Sub-Basin succession. The formational assignments of the Georgina Basin succession are preliminary and were assigned in the field. The units intersected comprise the Border Waterhole Formation (~531m to ~630m), which is overlain by the Currant Bush Limestone (~249m to ~531m), which in turn is overlain by the Camooweal Dolostone (0m to ~249m). Of these, only the lower 80% of the Currant Bush Limestone and the entire Border Waterhole Formation were cored. This report presents biostratigraphic results from macrofossil examination of NDI Carrara 1 core samples within the Georgina Basin section.

Exploring for the future presentation- The structure and stratigraphy of the South Nicholson region – implications for resource prospectivity; Insight from the EFTF geochronology and deep reflection seismic programs

The Exploring for the Future Program facilitated the acquisition of major geoscience datasets in northern Australia, where rocks are mostly under cover and the basin evolution, mineral, energy and groundwater resource potential are, in places, poorly constrained. In an effort to support sustainable, regional economic development and build stronger communities in these frontier areas, integration of new and legacy data within a consistent platform could enhance the recognition of cross-disciplinary synergies in sub-surface resource investigations. Here we present a case study in the South-Nicholson Basin, located in a poorly exposed area between the prospective Mt Isa Province and the McArthur Basin. Both regions host major base metal deposits, contain units prospective for energy resources, and hold significant groundwater resources in the overlying Georgina Basin. In this study, we interpret a subset of new regional-scale data, which include ~1 900 km of deep seismic reflection data and 60 000 line kilometres of AusAEM1 airborne electromagnetic survey, supplemented with legacy information. This interpretation refines a semi-continental geological framework, as input to national coverage databases and informs decision-making for exploration and groundwater resource management. This study provides a 3D chronostratigraphic cover model down to the Paleoproterozoic basement. We mapped the depth to the base of intervals corresponding to geological eras, as well as deeper pre-Neoproterozoic superbasin boundaries to refine the cover model. The depth estimates, based on the compilation, interpretation and integration of geological and geophysical datasets, inform the basement architecture controls on evolution of the basin, with several key outcomes: 1) expanded mapped size of the South Nicholson Basin, potentially, increasing prospectivity for hydrocarbons and basin-hosted mineralisation, 2) improved stratigraphic unit correlations across the region, 3) identification of major crustal structures, some of which are associated with mineralisation and springs, and 4) improved basin architecture definition, supporting future investigation of groundwater resources.

NDI Carrara 1 is a deep stratigraphic drill hole completed in 2020 as part of the MinEx CRC National Drilling Initiative (NDI) in collaboration with Geoscience Australia and the Northern Territory Geological Survey. It is the first test of the Carrara Sub-basin, a newly discovered Proterozoic depocentre in the South Nicholson region, based on interpretation from new seismic surveys (L210 in 2017 and L212 in 2019) acquired as part of the Exploring for the Future program. The drill hole intersected approximately 1120 m of Proterozoic sedimentary rocks unconformably overlain by 630 m of Cambrian Georgina Basin carbonates. Continuous cores recovered from 283 m to a total depth of 1751 m. Geoscience Australia conducted an extensive post-drilling analytical program that generated over 30 datasets which the interested reader can find under the EFTF webpage (under the "Data and publications" drop down menu) at https://www.eftf.ga.gov.au/south-nicholson-national-drilling-initiative This record links to the Exploring for the Future 'borehole completion report' for NDI Carrara 1 and access to all on-site downhole geophysical datasets.

Following the publication of Geoscience Australia record 2014/09: Petroleum geology inventory of Australia's offshore frontier basins by Totterdell et. al, (2014), the onshore petroleum section embarked upon a similar project for onshore Australian basins. The purpose of this project is to provide a thorough basis for whole of basin information to advise the Australia Government and other stakeholders, such as the petroleum industry, regarding the exploration status and prospectivity of onshore Australian basins. Eight onshore Australian basins have been selected for this volume and these include: the McArthur, South Nicholson, Georgina, Amadeus, Warburton, Wiso, Galilee and Cooper basins. This record provides a comprehensive whole of basin inventory of the geology, petroleum systems, exploration status and data coverage for these eight onshore Australian basins. It draws on precompetitive work programs by Geoscience Australia as well as publicly available exploration results and geoscience literature. Furthermore, the record provides an assessment of issues and unanswered questions and recommends future work directions to meet these unknowns.