Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a proven geodetic imaging technique that makes use of remotely sensed radar imagery to map spatial patterns of ground surface movement and their temporal evolution. One application of the InSAR technique is to monitor human interactions with the landscape, such as the extraction of resources from the crust. The increasing demand for gas in Australia has led to increased extraction of unconventional coal seam gas (CSG) reserves, particularly in the Surat Basin in south-east Queensland. Proved and Probable reserves of CSG now exceed 32,000 Petajoules, making the Surat Basin the largest onshore gas reserve in Australia. The geological target of CSG extraction in the Surat Basin is the Walloon subgroup of the Jurassic period, which is typically between 300 to 600 metres depth. Production of CSG from the Walloon subgroup began in 2006 and reserves are currently being extracted by several operators, with combined extraction exceeding 160 Petajoules in 2013-2014. Predictions of the magnitude of subsidence in the Surat Basin based on analytical poroelastic models and quoted CSG production rates indicate that total subsidence on the order of a decimetre may occur. In this contribution we will present new InSAR analysis of the Surat Basin using multi-sensor SAR imagery spanning the 2006-2015 time period. Should patterns of subsidence be detected over the producing gas fields, we will use a geophysical inversion scheme to characterise the objective function between the spatial InSAR observations and predictions of a simple analytical model. Our methodology will make use of a Monte-Carlo sampling algorithm run on High Performance Computing architecture to efficiently sample the multi-dimensional parameter space. The homogenous poroelastic model we employ has dependence on the depth and thickness of the target geological unit as well as on the unit’s rock properties (porosity, Young’s Modulus, Poisson’s Ratio and Shear Modulus). Given that limited information about these properties is generally publically available for the Surat Basin, the geophysical inversion scheme will enable a sensitivity analysis to be conducted that will allow us to understand uncertainties and what parameters have the most significant impact on the system. This in turn will enable more accurate predictions of future subsidence using the poroelastic model. In 2014, Geoscience Australia installed a regional geodetic network over a sub-region of the north-eastern Surat Basin in the vicinity of the towns of Dalby, Miles and Chinchilla in Queensland. The network covers a region of approximately 20,000 km2 and consists of 40 co-located corner reflectors and survey marks. Ongoing SAR imaging of the corner reflectors and periodic campaign GNSS surveys on the survey marks will enable InSAR analysis to be combined with ground-based geodetic measurements and as a result, refine the geodetic reference datum in this region. Preliminary analysis of the persistent scatterer response of the corner reflector network will form a part of this contribution. A dense archive of Interferometric-Wide-Swath (IWS) and Extra-Wide-Swath (EWS) Sentinel-1A images is currently being acquired over the region since the permanently deployed corner reflectors are being used as targets for ongoing geometric and radiometric calibration of the Sentinel-1A SAR sensor. InSAR analysis of this Sentinel-1A data will also form a part of this contribution. Presented at the 2016 Living Planet Symposium (LPS16) Prague, Czech Republic

The European Union¿s Copernicus programme will change the global Earth observation landscape, providing vast amounts of data on an operational basis over the long term. However, the huge data volumes that are the strength of Copernicus also present its major challenge. Ensuring that this volume of data is made available in forms that make it usable is very challenging. Old paradigms based on each individual user downloading all data to local systems for their own applications will not scale sufficiently to support the volumes of data that Copernicus will produce. Particular technical challenges exacerbate these issues in the region around Australia: South-East Asia and the Pacific. Bandwidth is often limited, and data storage for huge volumes of data can be problematic. Tackling these problems at the level of individual institutions or users, where data is downloaded many times, is even more problematic; and when implemented, such ¿silo¿ type solutions create barriers to collaboration across domains and disciplines that Copernicus, by virtue of the comprehensiveness and consistency of the data it offers, makes possible. Australia is using its location in the region, and its expertise, to support the European Union to address these challenges. Through the Regional Copernicus Data Access/Analysis Hub, Australia will greatly improve access to Copernicus data for users in the South-East Asia and Pacific region. This will include providing access to very large volumes of Copernicus data ready for use and analysis. This will help avoid key barriers, particularly those caused by limited bandwidth in some parts of the region, and those related to the challenges of storing the Petabytes of data that Copernicus will generate in multiple locations. As well as overcoming significant technical challenges that would otherwise prevent effective exploitation of Copernicus data within a specific country in the region, the Regional Copernicus Data Access/Analysis Hub is also intended to provide a platform to enhance collaboration across borders. By enabling users from across nations, and across disciplines and sectors, to work together ¿around¿ the same data, and share and combine their results, barriers to cooperation and collaboration are broken down. This, in turn, enables people to work together more effectively in pursuit of the goals of fora such as Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation and Association of South East Asian Nations. Tackling challenges like sustainable livelihoods, growth of the blue economy, and climate change become easier. This paper reviews the history and status of the initiative, describes the unique approaches that are being taken to establish the data infrastructure, discusses how it will enable effective exploitation of Copernicus data across the South East Asia and Pacific region, and discusses how federal and state governments are collaborating to establish something that ¿gives back¿, in a very concrete way, to the nations that provide the satellite data that is so important to Australia. Presented at the 2016 Living Planet Symposium (LPS16) Prague, Czech Republic