1944
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In the years immediately preceding the present war, 75 per cent of the world's production of tungsten concentrates came from southeast Asia; approximately 50 per cent came from China. This production consisted almost wholly of wolfram. With the entry of Japan into the war in 1941 and its occupation of Indo-China, Thailand and Burma, these supplies were cut off from the United Nations. This cessation of supplies made it necessary that all countries amongst the United Nations should make intensive efforts to increase their production of tungsten ores and concentrates. In Australia, the effort was necessary in order that as much tungsten concentrate as possible could, after domestic requirements were satisfied, be exported to Great Britain and the United States of America. As the King Island Scheelite Mine was (and still is) the largest producer of tungsten concentrates in Australia, the possibilities of increased production from the that mine were among the first to be considered.
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This report deals with an investigation of the electrical resistivities of a variety of wet surface soils, gravels and sands. The work may be regarded as preliminary to an investigation by Mr. R.F. Thyer into the detection of electrically resistive bodies buried in wet soils at shallow depths. It was required to determine the range over which the resistivities of surface soils vary, and also the changes that may be expected in any one type of soil between measurements made within any 1 foot of each other. Measurements were made in four localities, three being in the bed or on the banks of the Molonglo River, where the surface materials are sand, gravel, silts, and in some places, clay. The fourth locality was near the head of Sullivan's Creek, where the soil is a heavy black clay.
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Quartz crystals occur in the county of Dampier near the head of Tuross River 13 miles east-southeast from Countegany and about 5 miles east-southeast from Tuross Post Office. The presence of small quartz crystals in this locality has been known to Mr. L.W. Schaeffer of Tuross for many years, but only recently has he found larger crystals and undertaken more systematic prospecting. This report comprises notes on the quartz crystals, following an examination of the locality, 1944.
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This report deals with the problem of detecting electrically resistive bodies of small size buried at shallow depths in wet soils. Detection was attempted by means of measurements made on the surface of the soil using the electrical resistivity method. The present report can be regarded as an extension of an earlier one (No. 1943/64B). The purpose of the new tests was twofold. Firstly it was proposed to make tests of 'normal' resistivity effects using a constant electrode arrangement and measuring the resistivity at closely spaced points on water saturated soils. The second part of the testing programme was contingent on the first part proving that under saturated conditions soil resistivities were sufficiently constant to warrent an attempt being made at detection. If this condition of constancy existed, it was proposed to extend the work of the tests, reviewed in the previous report, to actual field conditions. This has been done and the present report deals with the results obtained.
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The mine is situated on Black Andrew Mountain about 4 miles south of the wall of Burrinjuck Dam and in the parishes of Goodradigbee and Childowla. Surface features were mapped by C.H. Zelman and H.B. Owen in November, 1942 by stadia alidade and planetable, and underground mapping was brought up to date by F. Canavan and H.B. Owen on 20th March, 1944 using tape, alidade and clinometer. This report details the production history, general geology, and economic geology of the Black Andrew mine.
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The Gawler talc deposit is situated about 2 miles south from Ulverston and about half a mile north from Gawler where the bitumen road ends. The lease is held by Messrs. Pearson and Smith, and one man is working on it at present. A geological examination and plane table survey of the deposit was conducted on the 1st May, 1944.
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The presence of foraminifera in the Permian sediments of Australia was recorded as early as 1882. Some systematic work was done up to 1905, but there was no further investigation into these micro-fossils until 1937. A considerable amount of research is still necessary before it can be stated whether or not a definite system of zoning, based on micro-faunas, can be applied to the Permian rocks of Australia. It seems possible, however, that certain species may be characteristic of the Upper and Middle Permian deposits. In the extensive collections of Permian rocks examined from the Hunter River District in New South Wales, assemblages of foraminifera rather than restricted species have proved useful for zonal purposes and this method of zoning should prove valuable when more material is examined from the Permian deposits of other States.
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"Greisen Lode" is the name given locally to the foot-wall section of a wider mineralised zone, which will be referred to as the Greisen Orebody in this report. Mining operations have been carried out by tributers in recent years on several portions of the orebody, namely, stoping from the Main Tunnel, stoping from an adit-crosscut driven from the No. 4 Gossan Bench, and some stoping operations from a level above the latter bench. During the past three months a level has been driven for 260 feet westwards from the Main Tunnel to prospect the orebody at this level and develop it for mining. Over the past few weeks a detailed geological examination of the orebody has been made and the area involved mapped on a scale of 20 feet to an inch by means of plane table and alidade.
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At least as early as 1940, it was realised by the Department of the Interior that the reserves of suitable rock (shale or slate) in the pit adjacent to the Canberra Brickworks were limited. A decision was made to find a temporary site to provide sufficient material to supply the brickworks for two years. A site at Deakin, 1700 yards by road east from the existing brickworks was selected and was recommended by Dr. W.G. Woolnough in 1940 as suitable, subject to testing by costeans and pits. A survey of the area in the subdivision of Deakin, Canberra City Area, was then arranged and was made during March and April, 1944, the object being to determine if there were sufficient reserves of suitable material to supply the Canberra brickworks for a period of not less than two years. This report describes the results of this survey.
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King Island Scheelite Mine is located on the east coast of King Island and is sixteen miles by road from Currie, the principal port on the island. The open cut method of mining is employed and the mine is an important producer of scheelite. There is scope for greatly increased production from the open cut area alone and with a view towards assessing the full possibilities of the area as a whole, geological and geophysical surveys were started concurrently by the Mineral Resources Survey Branch in June, 1942. The geophysical field work was conducted between 19th June and 10th July, 1942.