Authors / CoAuthors
McPherson, A. | Buckerfield, S. | Tan, K. | Walsh, C. | Kilgour, P. | Buchanan, S. | Raiber, M. | Suckow, A. | Pincus, J. | Symington, N. | Peljo, M. | Ray, A. | Brodie, R.C.
Abstract
<div>This report presents key results from the Upper Darling River Floodplain groundwater study conducted as part of the Exploring for the Future (EFTF) program in north-western New South Wales. The Australian Government funded EFTF program aimed to improve understanding of potential mineral, energy, and groundwater resources in priority areas for each resource.</div><div><br></div><div>The Upper Darling River Floodplain study area is located in semi-arid zone northwest New South Wales is characterised by communities facing critical water shortages and water quality issues, along with ecosystem degradation. As such, there is an imperative to improve our understanding of groundwater systems including the processes of inter-aquifer and groundwater-surface water connectivity. The key interest is in the fresh and saline groundwater systems within alluvium deposited by the Darling River (the Darling alluvium - DA) which comprises sediment sequences from 30 m to 140 m thick beneath the present-day floodplain.</div><div><br></div><div>The study acquired airborne, surface and borehole geophysical data plus hydrochemical data, and compiled geological, hydrometric, and remote sensing datasets. The integration of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data with supporting datasets including surface and borehole magnetic resonance, borehole induction conductivity and gamma, and hydrochemistry data has allowed unprecedented, high resolution delineation of interpreted low salinity groundwater resources within the alluvium and highly saline aquifers which pose salination risk to both the river and fresher groundwater. Improved delineation of the palaeovalley architecture using AEM, seismic, and borehole datasets has permitted interpretation of the bedrock topography forming the base of the palaeovalley, and which has influenced sediment deposition and the present-day groundwater system pathways and gradients.</div><div><br></div><div>The integrated assessment demonstrates that the alluvial groundwater systems within the study area can be sub-divided on the basis of groundwater system characteristics relevant to water resource availability and management. Broadly, the northern part of the study area has low permeability stratigraphy underlying the river and a generally upward groundwater gradient resulting in limited zone of freshwater ingress into the alluvium around the river. A bedrock high south of Bourke partially restricts groundwater flow and forces saline groundwater from deeper in the alluvium to the surface in the vicinity of the Upper Darling salt interception scheme. From approximately Tilpa to Wilcannia, sufficiently permeable stratigraphy in hydraulic connection with the river and a negligible upward groundwater gradient allows recharge from the river, creating significant freshwater zones around the river within the alluvium.</div><div><br></div><div>Hydrometric and hydrochemical tracer data demonstrate that the alluvial groundwater systems are highly coupled with the rivers. Results support the conceptual understanding that bank-exchange processes and overbank floods associated with higher river flows are the primary recharge mechanism for the lower salinity groundwater within the alluvium. When river levels drop, tracers indicative of groundwater discharge confirm that groundwater contributes significant baseflow to the river. Analysis of groundwater levels and surface water discharge indicates that the previously identified declining trends in river discharge are likely to produce the significant decline in groundwater pressure observed across the unconfined aquifer within the alluvium. Improved quantification and prediction of groundwater-surface water connectivity, water level and flux is considered a high priority for both the Darling River and the wider Murray–Darling Basin. This information will assist in understanding and managing water resource availability in these highly connected systems, and enhance knowledge regarding cultural values and groundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs).</div><div><br></div><div>This study identifies several aquifers containing groundwater of potentially suitable quality for a range of applications in the south of the study area between Wilcannia and Tilpa and assessed the geological and hydrological processes controlling their distribution and occurrence. Potential risks associated with the use of this groundwater, such as unsustainable extraction, impacts on GDEs, and saline intrusion into aquifers or the river, are outside the scope of this work and have not been quantified.</div>
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document
eCat Id
149689
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Cnr Jerrabomberra Ave and Hindmarsh Dr GPO Box 378
Canberra
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2601
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Keywords
- ( Project )
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- EFTF – Exploring for the Future
- ( Project )
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- Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian
- ( Project )
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- Upper Darling River Floodplain
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- groundwater
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- Darling River
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- hydrogeology
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- airborne electromagnetics
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- nuclear magnetic resonance
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- hydrochemistry
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- isotopes
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- geophysics
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- groundwater-surface water interaction
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- geology
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- hydrostratigraphy
- theme.ANZRC Fields of Research.rdf
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- Applied geophysicsGroundwater hydrologyStratigraphy (incl. biostratigraphysequence stratigraphy and basin analysis)Earth Sciences
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- Published_External
Publication Date
2024-07-28T23:30:44
Creation Date
2023-08-26T20:00:00
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completed
Purpose
Report presents key results from geological and hydrogeological investigations in the Upper Darling River Floodplain region conducted as part of the Exploring for the Future (EFTF) program in north-western New South Wales.
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geoscientificInformation
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GA Record 2024/29
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<div>Final report detailing the geological and hydrogeological conceptualisation of the Upper Darling River Floodplain region of northwest New South Wales. Report presents background, data acquisition and analyses and integrates new and existing data to further the state of knowledge reported in the previously published context report. A list of related work are found in associated resources.</div>
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[-32, -29, 143, 147.5]
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