Authors / CoAuthors
Wang, L. | Causebrook, R.M. | Consoli, C.
Abstract
The practical CO2 storage capacity and injectivity of the Caswell Fan reservoir, Upper Campanian, Caswell Sub-basin, Browse Basin has been studied through dynamic reservoir simulation using CMG-GEMTM. The three major trapping mechanisms of CO2 storage have been studied in this study are hydrodynamic/structural/stratigraphic trapping, solubility trapping and residual gas trapping. Two different-sized grid models (coarse and fine), upscaled from the Caswell Reservoir geological model were used to complete the dynamic simulation. The coarse grid model was mainly used on the simulation tests and sensitivity analysis. The modified Peng-Robinson equation of state was employed to model the CO2 solubility and brine density. A gas-water relative permeability hysteresis model was used to study the residual trapping mechanism during the migration process of CO2 in the porous reservoir rocks. The main findings in this study are summarised as follows: - The CO2 gas bubble displaces formation water with an immiscible behaviour. During and after the displacement, the gravitational effects of water and CO2 (buoyancy-driven) cause the CO2 to rise and accumulate under the caprock. - The solubility of CO2 is controlled by the reservoir conditions, including reservoir pressure, temperature and formation water salinity through changing Henry's law constant. The brine density is increased due to the dissolution of CO2 and at saturation with CO2, the brine water has a higher mass density and tends to move downward or sink. - With a decrease of residual gas saturation, more CO2 migrates throughout the reservoir and is dissolved into brine water, and less CO2 is trapped as a residual gas in the reservoir. - There is no significant change in the bottom hole pressure and injection rates at the injection well with different residual gas saturation concentrations during the simulation process. - The increase of vertical and horizontal permeability (Kv/Kh) ratio makes CO2 easier to migrate and move upwards, and the bottom hole pressure at the injection well decreases with the same injection rate. The change of the Kv/Kh ratio does not affect the distribution of CO2 between the gas and aqueous phase. - Reservoir heterogeneity and the dip angle of the reservoir clearly control the migration of CO2 plume and the accumulation of CO2. - The CO2 injectivity is controlled by reservoir characteristics, such as reservoir porosity, absolute and relative permeability and ratio of Kv/Kh. - The total injection amount of CO2 within the fine grid model is higher than that of the coarse grid model due to the design of more perforations. More supercritical CO2 gas exists in the post-injection period in the fine grid model. - The CO2 migration rate is affected by the reservoir properties, including reservoir permeability and the vertical to horizontal permeability ratio. - The practical storage capacity of the Caswell Fan is more than 50.28 million tonnes for one horizontal well, more than 99.34 million tonnes for two horizontal wells, and more than 171.06 million tonnes for six vertical injection wells. - The compositional simulator, CMG-GEMTM, is suitable to carry out the full-physics dynamic simulation of CO2 migration and storage.
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nonGeographicDataset
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73299
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- GA PublicationRecord
- Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC)
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- Earth Sciences
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- Published_Internal
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2012-01-30T00:00:00
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