Application of European Macroseismic Scale - 1998 in the Asia-Pacific Region

The paper presents the application of the European Macroseismic Scale - 1998 (EMS-98) in assessing vulnerability of the building stock in the Asia-Pacific region. Two case study areas have been selected for the purpose, i.e., Muzaffarabad (Pakistan) and Padang (Indonesia) which experienced severe earthquake shaking in 2005 and 2009 respectively. Typical building types in these areas are defined and compared to the standard construction types of the EMS-98.


The inventory of 750 buildings in Muzaffarabad was obtained from a field survey carried out after the 2005 Kashmir earthquake that struck the city and its hinterland, and subsequently updated in 2007 after conducting more surveys. The surveys documented the key building features so that the primary parameters affecting vulnerability and typical failure mechanisms could be identified. Additionally, about 520 buildings were surveyed in several other cities of Pakistan.


The inventory of 4,000 buildings in Padang was acquired from the 2009 Padang Region Damage Survey undertaken following the 2009 West Sumatra Earthquake which was supported by the Australia-Indonesia Facility for Disaster Reduction. During the survey, the building stock in Padang was classified into a schema consisting of 54 types and observed damages were categorised into 9 severities. An effort was made to map the building stock and observed damages from the survey outcomes to EMS-98 definitions.


This paper highlights the flexibility and robustness that EMS-98 offers for use outside of the European region and describes the limitations and possible improvements in the current version of the scale for global application. These include the addition of new building types (e.g., dhajji, high-set timber construction, low-set timber construction and brick veneer), inclusion of a very high vulnerability class, consideration of building vintage and storey class in vulnerability assignment and damage description for wooden structures. Treatment of subjectivity and uncertainty are the key areas requiring more attention in making improvements in EMS-98 and making it a global scale.

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Date (Publication)
2013-01-01T00:00:00
Citation identifier
Geoscience Australia Persistent Identifier/https://pid.geoscience.gov.au/dataset/ga/76162

Cited responsible party
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Maqsood, S.T.

 1
Author

Edwards, M.

 2
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CSEMD
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Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
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Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)

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Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC)

  • Earth Sciences

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  • Published_External

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence

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CC-BY

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4.0

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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

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Australian Government Security ClassificationSystem

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2018-11-01T00:00:00
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https://www.protectivesecurity.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx

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Unclassified
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English
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UTF8

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Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)

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Other

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Title

Australian Government Security ClassificationSystem

Edition date
2018-11-01T00:00:00
Website

https://www.protectivesecurity.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx

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Unclassified

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urn:uuid/dccc062b-55ea-3481-e044-00144fdd4fa6

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GeoNetwork UUID

Language
English
Character encoding
UTF8
Contact
Role Organisation / Individual Name Details
Point of contact

Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)

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Non geographic dataset
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nonGeographicDataset

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Geoscience Australia - short identifier for metadata record with

uuid

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eCatId/76162

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https://ecat.ga.gov.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/dccc062b-55ea-3481-e044-00144fdd4fa6

Date info (Revision)
2018-04-22T08:46:07
Date info (Creation)
2013-05-16T00:00:00

Metadata standard

Title

AU/NZS ISO 19115-1:2014

Metadata standard

Title

ISO 19115-1:2014

Metadata standard

Title

ISO 19115-3

Title

Geoscience Australia Community Metadata Profile of ISO 19115-1:2014

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Version 2.0, September 2018

Citation identifier
https://pid.geoscience.gov.au/dataset/ga/122551

 
 

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