During 1961 in the southern part of the Surat Basin a seismic party from the Bureau of Mineral Resources surveyed two main traverses by means of seismic reflection and refraction methods; the first was in an east-west direction between Yelarbon and St George and the second was in a north-south direction between Meandarra and Nome. The main purposes of the survey were to find whether the Bowen Basin Permian sediments extend as far south as the latitude of Goondiwindi and whether the Bowen Basin in Queensland and the Sydney Basin in New South Wales formed a continuous region of sedimentation during the Permian period. The east-west seismic traverse indicated a trough of sediments of greatest thickness,tabout 14,800 ft beneath Toobeah; the trough is bounded on the eastorn side at Goondiwindi by a fault down-thrown more than 7000 ft to the west and is bounded on the western side by a series of step.-faults beneath Bungunya and Talweod. The results along the north-south traverse indicated that the trough beneath Meandarra, which represents the southern extension of the Bowen Basin, continues south to Toobeah. The nature of the link, if any, between the Bowen Basin and the Sydney Basin was not established. On the eastern side of the Surat Basin, seismic results indicated that the rocks beneath the Mesozoic sediments are stratified and probably metamorphic. A shelf area between Talweod and St George has about 6000 ft of sediments above a Drobablo metamorphic 'basement'. An anticlinal structure with a dip-reversal of about 1000 ft throw was located between Goondiwindi and Toobeah.

The Bureau of Mineral Resources Seismic Party No. 2 conducted a survey from 15th May to 25th August 1961 in the Amadeus Basin. Reflection and refraction traverses were shot at intervals, along or near the Alice Springs/Port Augusta railway line, from Polhill in the north to Finke in the south. In broad terms the object of the survey was to obtain across the Amadeus Basin a north-south seismic cross-section that would aid in investigating the stratigraphic cross-section and structural relations especially on the southern margin of the Basin. Access and drilling problems caused the progress of the survey to be slow. The statistics of the operation are included in three appendices. During the course of the seismic survey, the Bureau also made gravity surveys covering the area; gravity-meter readings were made along all seismic traverses.

A deep crustal seismic reflection survey, conducted at Gundary Plains near Canberra, to test a digital seismic recording system, produced additional data for interpretation of seismic refraction profiles in the Lachlan Fold Best. Good reflections were recorded down to the probable Moho, at an estimated depth of 41 km. The intracrustal reflections are characterised by bands of seismic energy, which probably represent velocity transition zones within the crust.

An experimental seismic survey using both refraction and reflection techniques was carried out in April, 1958, near Morwell in the Latrobe Valley at the request of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. The object of the survey was to find if the method was of value in mapping the structure of the coal measures of the Latrobe Valley and in providing information on the depth to and type of basement underlying the coal measures. Work was concentrated in an area south-west of Morwell on the southern limb of the Latrobe Syncline. The results obtained indicate that the seismic method may be applied successfully to geological problems of the Latrobe Valley and may provide useful control data for the interpretation of surface geological and gravity mapping. Various interpretations of the results are discussed and although some ambiguity exists, it might be overcome when more work is done, particularly if an accurate knowledge of the velocities of the coal easures is obtained. It has been possible by means of refraction work to map the extension of the basalt which crops out on the southern margin of the Latrobe Syncline beneath the coal measures with reasonable certainty.

Stations on the Australian continent receive a rich mixture of ambient seismic noise from the surrounding oceans and the numerous small earthquakes in the earthquakes belts to the north in Indonesia and east in Tonga-Kermadec as well as more distant source zones. The noise field at a station contains information about the structure in the vicinity of the site and this can be exploited by applying an autocorrelation procedure to continuous records. Continuous vertical component records from 242 stations (permanent and temporary) across the continent have been processed using running windows of 6 hours long with subsequent stacking. A distinctive pulse, with a time delay between 8 and 30 s from zero offset, is found in the autocorrelation results. This pulse has a frequency content between 1.5 and 3 Hz suggesting P-wave multiples trapped in the crust. Synthetic modeling, with control of multiple phases, shows that a local PmP phase can be recovered with the autocorrelation method. We are therefore able to use this identification to map out the depth to Moho across the continent, and obtain results that largely conform to those from previous studies using a combination of data from refraction, reflection profiles and receiver functions. This approach can be used for Moho depth estimation using just vertical component records and effective results can be obtained with temporary deployments of just a few months.

The preliminary investigation was made when the Bureaut s seismic party was held up by flooded rivers, while on its way t o Christmas Creek in May, 1954. Results show that the seismic aethod is applicable to the Broome area, and that a sedimentary section of the order of 12,500 feet exists. They further show that a syncline and anticline not known from the surface geology may possibly exist at depth.

Seismic reflection traverses were surveyed across the Perth Basin at Cookernup, W.A. These traverses were planned to find the thickness and dip of the Basin sediments adjacent to the Darling Scarp and to discover any faulting or folding within them; also to determine the applicability of the seismic method as a tool for both regional and detailed investigation in this area. Seismic refraction traverses were surveyed to help in the solution of problems encountered in the interpretation of the reflection cross-sections. The survey indicated a considerable thickness of sediments about 20,000 ft, at the eastern margin of the Basin near the Darling Scarp, and suggested tectonic structure that is not indicated in surface geology, The reflection traverses indicated that sediments (presumably Lower Palaeozoic or Precambrian) lying deep in the Perth Basin may continue underneath the Darling Scarp and abut the granitic gneisses etc. of the Western Australian Shield on an overthrust fault plane. The overthrust fault, if it exists, does not reach the surface, but is covered to a depth of possibly some few hundred feet by younger sediments and also by alluvium eroded from the Darling Scarp. Some reflection and refraction shooting was done in an attempt to test this and other hypotheses, but the results crc inconclusive. Gravity results strongly suggest a normal fault, and if normal faulting is the case, the reflections from beneath the outcropping basement are possibly derived from shear zones, Some probable 'reflected refractions' were also observed. There is scope for further seismic testing but it is considered that conclusive evidence could only be provided by drilling.

Geoscience Australia acquired the Papunya Seismic Reflection Survey in 2010. The survey involved the acquisition of high resolution seismic reflection data along a single 11.5km traverse (10GA-PA1). The purpose of the survey was to obtain information on key palaeovalley characteristics for potential groundwater studies. This dataset contains seismic data and images only, a full report on the results of the palaeovalley study can be found in GA Record 2012/09. Raw data for this survey are available on request from clientservices@ga.gov.au

The Bureau of Mineral Resources seismic party carried out a seismic survey in the Bonaparte Gulf area of north-western Australia between 16th June and 13th October, 1956. The initial objects of the survey were to obtain regional information on the thickness of the sedimentary rocks and on the tectonics of the Bonaparte Gulf Basin, and to establish the applicability of the seismic method in the area. During the course of the survey the party was directed to transfer its attentions to obtaining some detailed information on the Spirit Hill Anticline. This latter work was carried out in response to an application by Westralian Oil Pty. Ltd., which was anxious to select sites for a test boring programme. The seismic results indicate a maximum thickness of sediments of about 20,000 feet in the Carlton Basin and 14,000 feet in the Burt Range Basin. The rocks in both these basins have been folded to a considerable extent and the reflections suggest unconformities within both basins. The seismic reflection method proved successful in indicating geological structure at depth in most of the areas tested.

On 12th July 1960, a velocity survey of the A.A.O. Pickanjinnie No. 1 bore was made by the Bureau of Mineral Resources. The bore had been drilled to a depth of 5218 ft and was surveyed to the bottom. The average velocities for the Mesozoic rocks and the Timbury Hills Formation are similar to those measured in the Timbury Hill No. 2 bore. However, it seems impossible to correlate individual units within the Mesozoic sequence according to their velocity.